25 de mayo de 2014

Henry Fayol contributed fourteen principles , but it is necessary to clarify that the word has no rigid principles , for there is nothing rigid or absolute in administrative matters, everything in it is a matter of degree.

Division of Labour
The division of labor is natural order , aims eventually produce more and better with the same effort , has as a consequence , the specialization of functions and separation of powers.

Authority and Responsibility
Authority is the right to command and the power to exact obedience . No authority is conceived without responsibility, as it is a corollary of authority. The responsibility is usually feared as authority is sought .

discipline
It is essentially obedience, diligence , activity , behavior, the outward signs of respect manifested according to the conventions established between the company and its agents. "Discipline is like the bosses do ." The most effective means to maintain and set are:

Good bosses in all grades ,
the clear and fair as possible conventions ,
the penalties applied judiciously .
Unity of Command
For any action , an agent must not take orders from more than one head . The duality of command is extremely common and this can bring dissatisfaction, disappointment and confusion at work.

Unit Address
A single head for each set of operations that tend to the same object . Do not confuse unit director ( one leader , one program ) with control unit (an agent should not receive orders from more than one head ) . The control unit can not exist without unity of direction but not derived from it.

Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest
In a company the interest of an agent or group of agents, should not prevail against the interest of the company. Means of implementation are:

The firmness and good example of the chiefs,
Some conventions as fair as possible,
Careful monitoring .
Remuneration of Staff
It is the price of the service provided . What is sought in the form of compensation is:

that ensure equitable remuneration ;
that zeal is encouraged by rewarding useful effort ;
I can not lead to excessive remuneration exceeding the reasonable limit .
Examine ways to pay :

Pay per day . Price is fixed in advance , there is close monitoring .
Pay per task. It depends on the execution of a task , regardless of the length of this .
Piecework . Is related to the work done and no limit.
Each of these modes has advantages and disadvantages , and their effectiveness depends on the circumstances and the ability of leaders.

IDM : To appeal to workers in the efficient running of the company, is added to the rate of the day a supplement called premium, which is subject to certain conditions. This can be given daily or annually. It is too new to be judged formula .

Bonuses : The idea of involving the workers is very seductive . The party likely will correspond to a serious labor of a few cents in wage ratio even five dollars . A boss is not a means you need a pecuniary duty to comply fully with encouragement, but not indifferent to material satisfaction .

The employer must provide their care , even if only in the interests of business , health , strength , training to morality, and the stability of its staff. Interest can be exercised off the premises , provided that is discreet and prudent .

All modes of payment that can enhance the value and life of personnel , and stimulate the zeal of the officers of all categories should be subject to continuous attention from the heads .

centralization
It is a fact of natural order , and it is simply a matter of degree. Find the measure that gives the best overall performance , as is the problem of centralization and decentralization . Anything that increases the importance of the role of subordinate is decentralization; everything that diminishes the importance of this role is centralization.

hierarchy
The chain of command is the path followed by communications and start from the higher authority or which are directed . This path is dictated both by the need for a reliable transfer and control unit . It is generally accepted that the main cause is the fear of duties but is actually insufficient administrative capacity of managers.

order
A place for everything and everything in its place . The order should result avoid wasting material and time losses ; cleanliness is a corollary of order. The perfect order further requires that the appropriate agent location and convenience to people instead.

equity
Justice is the embodiment of the established conventions. Equity is a combination of benevolence justice. Demands in the explanation , very sensibly experienced and great kindness .

Staff Stability
An agent needs time to get started in a new role and to get to do it well , admitting that enjoyment of the necessary skills. The instability is both cause and consequence of ill up a business ; is also a matter of degree.

initiative
The ability to conceive and execute is called initiative. The freedom to propose and execute are also initiative should be encouraged as much as possible and develop this faculty.

The Union Staff
Unity is strength. The first thing to notice is the control unit , the dangers to be avoided are:

Do not foster division staff . Effective talent is needed to coordinate efforts , encourage use of all the powers and reward merit of each without arousing suspicions and jealous without disturbing the harmony of relationships.
Abuse of written communications. To address a matter of business is to give an order orally that operate faster writing, relationships must be verbal , thus quickly gains clarity and harmony.
Without principles is in the dark , in the chaos ; inexperienced without measure, remains very puzzled , even with the best principles . The principle is the beacon that allows oriented: can not serve but to those who know the way to the harbor